Bhardwaj, A., Misra, V., Mishra, A., Wootten, A., Boyles, R., Bowden, J. H., et al. (2018). Downscaling future climate change projections over Puerto Rico using a non-hydrostatic atmospheric model. Climatic Change, 147(1-2), 133–147.
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Boisserie, M. (2010). Generation of an empirical soil moisture initialization and its potential impact on subseasonal forecasting skill of continental precipitation and air temperature. Ph.D. thesis, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, FL.
Abstract: The effect of the PAR technique on the model soil moisture estimates is evaluated using the Global Soil Wetness Project Phase 2 (GSWP-2) multimodel analysis product (used as a proxy for global soil moisture observations) and actual in-situ observations from the state of Illinois. The results show that overall the PAR technique is effective; across most of the globe, the seasonal and anomaly variability of the model soil moisture estimates well reproduce the values of GSWP-2 in the top 1.5 m soil layer; by comparing to in-situ observations in Illinois, we find that the seasonal and anomaly soil moisture variability is also well represented deep into the soil. Therefore, in this study, we produce a new global soil moisture analysis dataset that can be used for many land surface studies (crop modeling, water resource management, soil erosion, etc.). Then, the contribution of the resulting soil moisture analysis (used as initial conditions) on air temperature and precipitation forecasts are investigated. For this, we follow the experimental set up of a model intercomparison study over the time period 1986-1995, the Global Land-Atmosphere Coupling Experiment second phase (GLACE-2), in which the FSU/COAPS climate model has participated. The results of the summertime air temperature forecasts show a significant increase in skill across most of the U.S. at short-term to subseasonal time scales. No increase in summertime precipitation forecasting skill is found at short-term to subseasonal time scales between 1986 and 1995, except for the anomalous drought year of 1988. We also analyze the forecasts of two extreme hydrological events, the 1988 U.S. Drought and the 1993 U.S. flood. In general, the comparison of these two extreme hydrological event forecasts shows greater improvement for the summertime of 1988 than that of 1993, suggesting that soil moisture contributes more to the development of a drought than a flood. This result is consistent with Dirmeyer and Brubaker [1999] and Weaver et al. [2009]. By analyzing the evaporative sources of these two extreme events using the back-trajectory methodology of Dirmeyer and Brubaker [1999], we find similar results as this latter paper; the soil moisture-precipitation feedback mechanism seems to play a greater role during the drought year of 1988 than the flood year of 1993. Finally, the accuracy of this soil moisture initialization depends upon the quality of the precipitation dataset that is assimilated. Because of the lack of observed precipitation at a high temporal resolution (3-hourly) for the study period (1986-1995), a reanalysis product is used for precipitation assimilation in this study. It is important to keep in mind that precipitation data in reanalysis sometimes differ significantly from observations since precipitation is often not assimilated into the reanalysis model. In order to investigate that aspect, a similar analysis to that we performed in this study could be done using the 3-hourly Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) dataset available for a the time period 1998-present. Then, since the TRMM dataset is a fully observational dataset, we expect the soil moisture initialization to be improved over that obtained in this study, which, in turn, may further increase the forecast skill.
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Boisserie, M., LaRow, T., Cocke, S. D., & Shin, D. W. (2005). Comparison of Soil Moisture in the FSU Climate Model Coupled to a Land Model CLM2 to Soil Moisture from NCEP/DOE Reanalysis 2. Research Activities in Atmospheric and Ocean Modeling, CAS/JSC Working Group on Numerical Experimentation.
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Boisserie, M., Shin, D. W., LaRow, T. E., & Cocke, S. (2006). Evaluation of soil moisture in the Florida State University climate model-National Center for Atmospheric Research community land model (FSU-CLM) using two reanalyses (R2 and ERA40) and in situ observations. J. Geophys. Res., 111(D8).
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Bourassa, M. A. (2009). Uncertainty in scatterometer derived vorticity. In 2009 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (III-pp. 805– III-808).
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Bourassa, M. A. (2009). The future of wind measurements from space. Space News, (Nov. 23), 2.
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Bourassa, M. A. (2006). Satellite-based observations of surface turbulent stress during severe weather. Atmosphere-Ocean Interactions, 2, 35–52.
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Bourassa, M. A. (2004). A Sea Surface Stress Parameterization Dependent on Directional Seastate. In CAS/JSC Working Group on Numerical Experimentation, Research Activities in Atmospheric and Oceanic Modeling (4.pp. 07–4.08). Geneva, Switzerland: World Meteorological Organization.
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Bourassa, M. A. (2001). Tehuantepec wind and pressure changes associated with tropical cyclones. In 11th Conference on Interactions of the Sea and Atmosphere, Amer. Meteor. Soc., San Diego, CA, USA (pp. 27–28).
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Bourassa, M. A., D. Dukhovskoy, S. L. Morey, and J, J. O'Brien. (2007). Innovations in Modeling Gulf of Mexico Surface Turbulent Fluxes. Flux News, (3), 9.
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