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| Author | WOCE Data Products Committee | ||||
| Title | WOCE Global Data, Version 2.0, Surface Fluxes | Type | $loc['typeReport'] | ||
| Year | 2000 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
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| Series Editor | Series Title | WOCE Report No. 171/00, World Ocean Circulation Experiment International Project Office, Southampton, UK [cdrom] | Abbreviated Series Title | ||
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| Funding | Approved | $loc['no'] | |||
| Call Number | COAPS @ mfield @ | Serial | 807 | ||
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| Author | WOCE Data Products Committee | ||||
| Title | WOCE Global Data, Version 2.0, Surface Meteorology | Type | $loc['typeReport'] | ||
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| Series Editor | Series Title | WOCE Report No. 171/00, World Ocean Circulation Experiment International Project Office, Southampton, UK | Abbreviated Series Title | ||
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| Funding | Approved | $loc['no'] | |||
| Call Number | COAPS @ mfield @ | Serial | 806 | ||
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| Author | Wu, Z.; Huang, N.E. | ||||
| Title | Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition: A Noise-Assisted Data Analysis Method | Type | $loc['typeJournal Article'] | ||
| Year | 2009 | Publication | Advances in Adaptive Data Analysis | Abbreviated Journal | Adv. Adapt. Data Anal. |
| Volume | 01 | Issue | 01 | Pages | 1-41 |
| Keywords | Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD); ensemble empirical mode decompositions; noise-assisted data analysis (NADA); Intrinsic Mode Function (IMF); shifting stoppage criteria; end effect reduction Read More: http://www.worldscientific.com/doi/abs/10.1142/S1793536909000047 | ||||
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| ISSN | 1793-5369 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Funding | Approved | $loc['no'] | |||
| Call Number | COAPS @ mfield @ | Serial | 667 | ||
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| Author | Wu, Z.; Huang, N.E.; Chen, X. | ||||
| Title | The Multi-Dimensional Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition Method | Type | $loc['typeJournal Article'] | ||
| Year | 2009 | Publication | Advances in Adaptive Data Analysis | Abbreviated Journal | Adv. Adapt. Data Anal. |
| Volume | 01 | Issue | 03 | Pages | 339-372 |
| Keywords | Empirical mode decomposition (EMD); ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD); minimal scale principle; pseudo multi-dimensional ensemble empirical mode decomposition; multi-dimensional ensemble empirical mode decomposition | ||||
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| ISSN | 1793-5369 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Funding | Approved | $loc['no'] | |||
| Call Number | COAPS @ mfield @ | Serial | 669 | ||
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| Author | Xiaobiao Xu, Eric Chassignet | ||||
| Title | Subpolar-Subtropical Connectivity of the North Atlantic Circulation | Type | $loc['typeMiscellaneous'] | ||
| Year | 2019 | Publication | PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | |||
| Keywords | Warming, hydrographic, subtropical gyres, sub-basins, passive tracers | ||||
| Abstract | The ocean, through its large capacity to store heat, plays a critical role in Earth's climate and climate variability. Warming of the world's oceans since 1955 accounts for approximately 93% of the warming of the Earth system. However, this warming is neither spatially uniform nor temporally constant. Superimposed on the global long-term trend is climate variability on inter-annual to inter-decadal time scales and regional to basin scales. Satellite altimeters and hydrographic observations show that the North Atlantic, including the sub-polar region, has rapidly become warmer and saltier since the early 1990s. An emerging picture is that the most recent 20 years or so of warming in the North Atlantic represents, in part, a transition of the Atlantic multi-decadal variability pattern from a cold to a warm phase. These decadal climate transitions involve changes both laterally in the sub-tropical and sub-polar gyres of the North Atlantic and vertically in the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC), a key component of the global heat and freshwater circulation system. This study of the North Atlantic circulation concentrates on a transition region around the Grand Banks of Newfoundland, where the effects of boundary currents and jets, recirculations, and mesoscale eddies (length scales typically less than 100 km) are dominant. Strong interactions occur in this transition region, laterally between the subpolar and subtropical gyres and vertically between the cold and warm limbs of the Atlantic Meridional Circulation (AMOC). There is evidence that this relatively compact region plays a key role in altering and even modulating the AMOC over a much larger scale and thus is important for the long-term, decadal variability of the Atlantic Ocean. Yet, despite many observational field programs, the dynamics and impacts of this region are not well understood. The project will contribute to understanding the variability of the AMOC by addressing the connectivity of the sub-polar and the sub-tropical gyres. The results of this model-data synthesis will be of particular significance to coupled climate models, which are central to understanding and predicting global climate change. The educational/outreach components of this project will be focused on cultivating scientific literacy with regards to ocean climate research in K-12 schools, at the university level, and in the local community through a variety of online resources/interactive tools for educators, the Florida State University Young Scholars program for high school students, and the “Scientists in the Schools” program. Finally, the requested funding will support a junior faculty member and a graduate student who will be trained in ocean modeling, data analysis and interpretation. Through ongoing major observation programs in the sub-polar and sub-tropical North Atlantic Ocean, oceanographers are making great strides toward a better understanding of the structure and variability of the AMOC within these sub-basins. The work proposed here complements these observations by focusing on key questions pertaining to what controls the circulation in between and how much the sub-polar to sub-tropical connectivity modulates the larger scale AMOC. This project aims to elucidate the physical dynamics that controls circulation in the transition region, especially the relative importance of the eddies and the deep western boundary current, and document the role and impact of the transition region on the larger scale circulation, especially the variability of the AMOC and water properties in the sub-polar and sub-tropical North Atlantic from inter-annual to decadal and longer time scales. The interaction of eddies and time mean circulations represents one of the greatest challenges to prediction of global climate variability, and it can be studied with the fine-grid resolution model included in this project. These objectives will be met by performing a detailed model-data synthesis study, combining numerical results from a suite of high-resolution Atlantic simulations using the HYbrid Coordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM) and existing observations (satellite altimetry, drifters/floats, hydrography, tracers, and mooring arrays). The three-dimensional Atlantic circulation will be quantified by performing analysis of water mass transport and transformation, passive tracers, and potential vorticity and momentum fluxes. It has been demonstrated that the eddy-resolving HYCOM represents the basic circulation features in the transition region and larger scale North Atlantic Ocean, including both time mean structure and temporal variability. |
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| Funding | Approved | $loc['no'] | |||
| Call Number | COAPS @ user @ | Serial | 1018 | ||
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| Author | Xu, X.; Chassignet, E.P., Wang, F. | ||||
| Title | On the variability of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation transports in coupled CMIP5 simulations | Type | $loc['typeJournal Article'] | ||
| Year | 2018 | Publication | Climate Dynamics | Abbreviated Journal | Clim Dyn. |
| Volume | 51 | Issue | 11 | Pages | 6511-6531 |
| Keywords | NAO-AMOC; CMIP5; NAO index; AMOC index; meridional pressure gradient; magnitude; structure change of the NAO. | ||||
| Abstract | The Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) plays a fundamental role in the climate system, and long-term climate simulations are used to understand the AMOC variability and to assess its impact. This study examines the basic characteristics of the AMOC variability in 44 CMIP5 (Phase 5 of the Coupled Model Inter-comparison Project) simulations, using the 18 atmospherically-forced CORE-II (Phase 2 of the Coordinated Ocean-ice Reference Experiment) simulations as a reference. The analysis shows that on interannual and decadal timescales, the AMOC variability in the CMIP5 exhibits a similar magnitude and meridional coherence as in the CORE-II simulations, indicating that the modeled atmospheric variability responsible for AMOC variability in the CMIP5 is in reasonable agreement with the CORE-II forcing. On multidecadal timescales, however, the AMOC variability is weaker by a factor of more than 2 and meridionally less coherent in the CMIP5 than in the CORE-II simulations. The CMIP5 simulations also exhibit a weaker long-term atmospheric variability in the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). However, one cannot fully attribute the weaker AMOC variability to the weaker variability in NAO because, unlike the CORE-II simulations, the CMIP5 simulations do not exhibit a robust NAO-AMOC linkage. While the variability of the wintertime heat flux and mixed layer depth in the western subpolar North Atlantic is strongly linked to the AMOC variability, the NAO variability is not. | ||||
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| Call Number | COAPS @ rl18 @ | Serial | 981 | ||
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| Author | Xu, X.; Bower, A.; Furey, H.; Chassignet, E.P. | ||||
| Title | Variability of the Iceland-Scotland Overflow Water Transport Through the Charlie-Gibbs Fracture Zone: Results From an Eddying Simulation and Observations | Type | $loc['typeJournal Article'] | ||
| Year | 2018 | Publication | Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans | Abbreviated Journal | J. Geophys. Res. Oceans |
| Volume | 123 | Issue | 8 | Pages | 5808-5823 |
| Keywords | Iceland; Scotland overflow water; Charlie; Gibbs fracture zone; variability; volume transport; eddying simulation | ||||
| Abstract | Observations show that the westward transport of the Iceland‐Scotland overflow water (ISOW) through the Charlie‐Gibbs Fracture Zone (CGFZ) is highly variable. This study examines (a) where this variability comes from and (b) how it is related to the variability of ISOW transport at upstream locations in the Iceland Basin and other ISOW flow pathways. The analyses are based on a 35‐year 1/12° eddying Atlantic simulation that represents well the main features of the observed ISOW in the area of interest, in particular, the transport variability through the CGFZ. The results show that (a) the variability of the ISOW transport is closely correlated with that of the barotropic transports in the CGFZ associated with the meridional displacement of the North Atlantic Current front and is possibly induced by fluctuations of large‐scale zonal wind stress in the Western European Basin east of the CGFZ; (b) the variability of the ISOW transport is increased by a factor of 3 from the northern part of the Iceland Basin to the CGFZ region and transport time series at these two locations are not correlated, further suggesting that the variability at the CGFZ does not come from the upstream source; and (c) the variability of the ISOW transport at the CGFZ is strongly anticorrelated to that of the southward ISOW transport along the eastern flank of the Mid‐Atlantic Ridge, suggesting an out‐of‐phase covarying transport between these two ISOW pathways. | ||||
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| ISSN | 2169-9275 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Funding | Approved | $loc['no'] | |||
| Call Number | COAPS @ user @ | Serial | 952 | ||
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| Author | Xu, X.; Bower, A.; Furey, H.; Chassignet, E.P. | ||||
| Title | Variability of the Iceland-Scotland Overflow Water Transport Through the Charlie-Gibbs Fracture Zone: Results From an Eddying Simulation and Observations | Type | $loc['typeJournal Article'] | ||
| Year | 2018 | Publication | Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans | Abbreviated Journal | J. Geophys. Res. Oceans |
| Volume | Issue | 8 | Pages | ||
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| Abstract | Observations show that the westward transport of the Iceland‐Scotland overflow water (ISOW) through the Charlie‐Gibbs Fracture Zone (CGFZ) is highly variable. This study examines (a) where this variability comes from and (b) how it is related to the variability of ISOW transport at upstream locations in the Iceland Basin and other ISOW flow pathways. The analyses are based on a 35‐year 1/12° eddying Atlantic simulation that represents well the main features of the observed ISOW in the area of interest, in particular, the transport variability through the CGFZ. The results show that (a) the variability of the ISOW transport is closely correlated with that of the barotropic transports in the CGFZ associated with the meridional displacement of the North Atlantic Current front and is possibly induced by fluctuations of large‐scale zonal wind stress in the Western European Basin east of the CGFZ; (b) the variability of the ISOW transport is increased by a factor of 3 from the northern part of the Iceland Basin to the CGFZ region and transport time series at these two locations are not correlated, further suggesting that the variability at the CGFZ does not come from the upstream source; and (c) the variability of the ISOW transport at the CGFZ is strongly anticorrelated to that of the southward ISOW transport along the eastern flank of the Mid‐Atlantic Ridge, suggesting an out‐of‐phase covarying transport between these two ISOW pathways. | ||||
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| ISSN | 2169-9275 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Funding | Approved | $loc['no'] | |||
| Call Number | COAPS @ user @ | Serial | 1023 | ||
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| Author | Xu, X.; Chassignet, E.P.; Firing, Y.L.; Donohue, K. | ||||
| Title | Antarctic Circumpolar Current transport through Drake Passage: What can we learn from comparing high-resolution model results to observations? | Type | $loc['typeJournal Article'] | ||
| Year | 2020 | Publication | Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans | Abbreviated Journal | J. Geophys. Res. Oceans |
| Volume | 125 | Issue | 7 | Pages | |
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| Abstract | Uncertainty exists in the time‐mean total transport of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC), the world�s strongest ocean current. The two most recent observational programs in Drake Passage, DRAKE and cDrake, yielded transports of 141 and 173.3 Sv, respectively. In this paper, we use a realistic 1/12° global ocean simulation to interpret these observational estimates and reconcile their differences. We first show that the modeled ACC transport in the upper 1000 m is in excellent agreement with repeat shipboard acoustic Doppler current profiler (SADCP) transects and that the exponentially decaying transport profile in the model is consistent with the profile derived from repeat hydrographic data. By further comparing the model results to the cDrake and DRAKE observations, we argue that the modeled 157.3 Sv transport, i.e. approximately the average of the cDrake and DRAKE estimates, is actually representative of the time‐mean ACC transport through the Drake Passage. The cDrake experiment overestimated the barotropic contribution in part because the array undersampled the deep recirculation southwest of the Shackleton Fracture Zone, whereas the surface geostrophic currents used in the DRAKE estimate yielded a weaker near‐surface transport than implied by the SADCP data. We also find that the modeled baroclinic and barotropic transports are not correlated, thus monitoring either baroclinic or barotropic transport alone may be insufficient to assess the temporal variability of the total ACC transport. | ||||
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| Call Number | COAPS @ user @ | Serial | 1107 | ||
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| Author | Xu, X.; Rhines, P.B.; Chassignet, E.P. | ||||
| Title | On Mapping the Diapycnal Water Mass Transformation of the Upper North Atlantic Ocean | Type | $loc['typeJournal Article'] | ||
| Year | 2018 | Publication | Journal of Physical Oceanography | Abbreviated Journal | J. Phys. Oceanogr. |
| Volume | 48 | Issue | 10 | Pages | 2233-2258 |
| Keywords | Atmosphere-ocean interaction; Boundary currents; Diapycnal mixing; Fronts; Thermocline circulation | ||||
| Abstract | Diapycnal water mass transformation is the essence behind the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) and the associated heat/freshwater transports. Existing studies have mostly focused on the transformation that is forced by surface buoyancy fluxes, and the role of interior mixing is much less known. This study maps the three-dimensional structure of the diapycnal transformation, both surface forced and mixing induced, using results of a high-resolution numerical model that have been shown to represent the large-scale structure of the AMOC and the North Atlantic subpolar/subtropical gyres well. The analyses show that 1) annual mean transformation takes place seamlessly from the subtropical to the subpolar North Atlantic following the surface buoyancy loss along the northward-flowing upper AMOC limb; 2) mixing, including wintertime convection and warm-season restratification by mesoscale eddies in the mixed layer and submixed layer diapycnal mixing, drives transformations of (i) Subtropical Mode Water in the southern part of the subtropical gyre and (ii) Labrador Sea Water in the Labrador Sea and on its southward path in the western Newfoundland Basin; and 3) patterns of diapycnal transformations toward lighter and denser water do not align zonally�the net three-dimensional transformation is significantly stronger than the zonally integrated, two-dimensional AMOC streamfunction (50% in the southern subtropical North Atlantic and 60% in the western subpolar North Atlantic). | ||||
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| ISSN | 0022-3670 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Funding | Approved | $loc['no'] | |||
| Call Number | COAPS @ user @ | Serial | 951 | ||
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