Records
Author
Freeman, E. ; Woodruff, S.D. ; Worley, S.J. ; Lubker, S.J. ; Kent, E.C. ; Angel, W.E. ; Berry, D.I. ; Brohan, P. ; Eastman, R. ; Gates, L. ; Gloeden, W. ; Ji, Z. ; Lawrimore, J. ; Rayner, N.A. ; Rosenhagen, G. ; Smith, S.R.
Title
ICOADS Release 3.0: a major update to the historical marine climate record
Type
$loc['typeJournal Article']
Year
2017
Publication
International Journal of Climatology
Abbreviated Journal
Int. J. Climatol.
Volume
37
Issue
5
Pages
2211-2232
Keywords
marine meteorological data ; ship data ; buoy data ; sea-surface temperature ; sea-level pressure ; humidity ; metadata ; ocean
Abstract
Address
Corporate Author
Thesis
Publisher
Place of Publication
Editor
Language
Summary Language
Original Title
Series Editor
Series Title
Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume
Series Issue
Edition
ISSN
0899-8418
ISBN
Medium
Area
Expedition
Conference
Funding
Approved
$loc['no']
Call Number
COAPS @ mfield @
Serial
20
Permanent link to this record
Author
Kent, E.C. ; Berry, D.I. ; Prytherch, J. ; Roberts, J.B.
Title
A comparison of global marine surface-specific humidity datasets fromin situ observations and atmospheric reanalysis
Type
$loc['typeJournal Article']
Year
2014
Publication
International Journal of Climatology
Abbreviated Journal
Int. J. Climatol.
Volume
34
Issue
2
Pages
355-376
Keywords
marine climatology ; atmospheric reanalysis ; surface humidity ; air� ; sea interaction ; observations ; specific humidity
Abstract
Address
Corporate Author
Thesis
Publisher
Place of Publication
Editor
Language
Summary Language
Original Title
Series Editor
Series Title
Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume
Series Issue
Edition
ISSN
0899-8418
ISBN
Medium
Area
Expedition
Conference
Funding
Approved
$loc['no']
Call Number
COAPS @ mfield @
Serial
164
Permanent link to this record
Author
Kent, E.C. ; Rayner, N.A. ; Berry, D.I. ; Eastman, R. ; Grigorieva, V.G. ; Huang, B. ; Kennedy, J.J. ; Smith, S.R. ; Willett, K.M.
Title
Observing Requirements for Long-Term Climate Records at the Ocean Surface
Type
$loc['typeJournal Article']
Year
2019
Publication
Frontiers in Marine Science
Abbreviated Journal
Front. Mar. Sci.
Volume
6
Issue
Pages
441
Keywords
Abstract
Observations of conditions at the ocean surface have been made for centuries, contributing to some of the longest instrumental records of climate change. Most prominent is the climate data record (CDR) of sea surface temperature (SST), which is itself essential to the majority of activities in climate science and climate service provision. A much wider range of surface marine observations is available however, providing a rich source of data on past climate. We present a general error model describing the characteristics of observations used for the construction of climate records, illustrating the importance of multi-variate records with rich metadata for reducing uncertainty in CDRs. We describe the data and metadata requirements for the construction of stable, multi-century marine CDRs for variables important for describing the changing climate: SST, mean sea level pressure, air temperature, humidity, winds, clouds, and waves. Available sources of surface marine data are reviewed in the context of the error model. We outline the need for a range of complementary observations, including very high quality observations at a limited number of locations and also observations that sample more broadly but with greater uncertainty. We describe how high-resolution modern records, particularly those of high-quality, can help to improve the quality of observations throughout the historical record. We recommend the extension of internationally-coordinated data management and curation to observation types that do not have a primary focus of the construction of climate records. Also recommended is reprocessing the existing surface marine climate archive to improve and quantify data and metadata quality and homogeneity. We also recommend the expansion of observations from research vessels and high quality moorings, routine observations from ships and from data and metadata rescue. Other priorities include: field evaluation of sensors; resources for the process of establishing user requirements and determining whether requirements are being met; and research to estimate uncertainty, quantify biases and to improve methods of construction of CDRs. The requirements developed in this paper encompass specific actions involving a variety of stakeholders, including funding agencies, scientists, data managers, observing network operators, satellite agencies, and international co-ordination bodies.
Address
Corporate Author
Thesis
Publisher
Place of Publication
Editor
Language
Summary Language
Original Title
Series Editor
Series Title
Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume
Series Issue
Edition
ISSN
2296-7745
ISBN
Medium
Area
Expedition
Conference
Funding
Approved
$loc['no']
Call Number
COAPS @ user @
Serial
1040
Permanent link to this record
Author
Smith, S.R. ; Alory, G. ; Andersson, A. ; Asher, W. ; Baker, A. ; Berry, D.I. ; Drushka, K. ; Figurskey, D. ; Freeman, E. ; Holthus, P. ; Jickells, T. ; Kleta, H. ; Kent, E.C. ; Kolodziejczyk, N. ; Kramp, M. ; Loh, Z. ; Poli, P. ; Schuster, U. ; Steventon, E. ; Swart, S. ; Tarasova, O. ; de la Villéon, L.P. ; Vinogradova-Shiffer, N.
Title
Ship-Based Contributions to Global Ocean, Weather, and Climate Observing Systems
Type
$loc['typeJournal Article']
Year
2019
Publication
Frontiers in Marine Science
Abbreviated Journal
Front. Mar. Sci.
Volume
6
Issue
Pages
434
Keywords
Abstract
The role ships play in atmospheric, oceanic, and biogeochemical observations is described with a focus on measurements made near the ocean surface. Ships include merchant and research vessels; cruise liners and ferries; fishing vessels; coast guard, military, and other government-operated ships; yachts; and a growing fleet of automated surface vessels. The present capabilities of ships to measure essential climate/ocean variables and the requirements from a broad community to address operational, commercial, and scientific needs are described. The authors provide a vision to expand observations needed from ships to understand and forecast the exchanges across the ocean–atmosphere interface. The vision addresses (1) recruiting vessels to improve both spatial and temporal sampling, (2) conducting multivariate sampling on ships, (3) raising technology readiness levels of automated shipboard sensors and ship-to-shore data communications, (4) advancing quality evaluation of observations, and (5) developing a unified data management approach for observations and metadata that meet the needs of a diverse user community. Recommendations are made focusing on integrating private and autonomous vessels into the observing system, investing in sensor and communications technology development, developing an integrated data management structure that includes all types of ships, and moving toward a quality evaluation process that will result in a subset of ships being defined as mobile reference ships that will support climate studies. We envision a future where commercial, research, and privately owned vessels are making multivariate observations using a combination of automated and human-observed measurements. All data and metadata will be documented, tracked, evaluated, distributed, and archived to benefit users of marine data. This vision looks at ships as a holistic network, not a set of disparate commercial, research, and/or third-party activities working in isolation, to bring these communities together for the mutual benefit of all.
Address
Corporate Author
Thesis
Publisher
Place of Publication
Editor
Language
Summary Language
Original Title
Series Editor
Series Title
Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume
Series Issue
Edition
ISSN
2296-7745
ISBN
Medium
Area
Expedition
Conference
Funding
Approved
$loc['no']
Call Number
COAPS @ user @
Serial
1039
Permanent link to this record
Author
Woodruff, S.D. ; Worley, S.J. ; Lubker, S.J. ; Ji, Z. ; Eric Freeman, J. ; Berry, D.I. ; Brohan, P. ; Kent, E.C. ; Reynolds, R.W. ; Smith, S.R. ; Wilkinson, C.
Title
ICOADS Release 2.5: extensions and enhancements to the surface marine meteorological archive
Type
$loc['typeConference Article']
Year
2011
Publication
International Journal of Climatology
Abbreviated Journal
Int. J. Climatol.
Volume
31
Issue
7
Pages
951-967
Keywords
marine meteorological data ; ship data ; buoy data ; data rescue ; sea surface temperature ; sea level pressure ; humidity ; metadata
Abstract
Address
Corporate Author
Thesis
Publisher
Place of Publication
Editor
Language
Summary Language
Original Title
Series Editor
Series Title
Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume
Series Issue
Edition
ISSN
0899-8418
ISBN
Medium
Area
Expedition
Conference
Funding
Approved
$loc['no']
Call Number
COAPS @ mfield @
Serial
304
Permanent link to this record